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Movement from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. However, in reverse osmosis, a certain amount of pressure is applied on the saltwater, such that water molecules are pushed through the membrane, and towards the freshwater, with a lower concentration of solutes.įigure 1: Reverse Osmosis Water Purification If regular osmosis were to take place, the water molecules would simply move from the freshwater to the salty water, with a higher concentration of solutes. To help illustrate this, let us look at the following image of a semipermeable membrane, with fresh water on one side and saltwater on the other. Reverse osmosis, to put it simply, occurs when solvent molecules move from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, against the concentration gradient. Water purification systems usually employ the simple process of reverse osmosis to filter out impurities and undesirable components. Furthermore, osmosis, as a process can be retarded, stopped, and even made to move in a reverse direction, if an ample amount of pressure is applied.Īctivity : Before you learn more about reverse osmosis, consult your mentor and find out what is osmosis and reverse osmosis. They generally contain small pores that help block contaminants in water and are commonly used in osmotic systems.īoth diffusion and osmosis follow the laws of thermodynamics, and the processes continue until they achieve a final equilibrium. Semipermeable membranes help allow the movement of solvent molecules, such as water, but is biased towards larger particles such as glucose and urea and do not allow them to pass. Note that there are several natural sources of semipermeable membranes such as goat’s bladder and sheepskin or parchment. Likewise, osmosis is a special type of diffusion, wherein, water or solvent molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane, along the concentration gradient. Diffusion, as you have learnt in previous classes, is the movement of solute or solvent molecules from an area of higher concentration to a region of low concentration.
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To understand how reverse osmosis works, it is essential to first learn what osmosis is. Let us now find out what is reverse osmosis and how it works. In contrast, water can readily pass through it. A significant component of water purification processes, reverse osmosis involves applying pressure to the solution at hand, such that large solute molecules cannot cross the membrane. This is done by creating a pressure gradient between the solution and a semipermeable membrane. The application was developed during the hackathon - Hacking the Fake News, organized by Digital Communication Network, Myth Detector, ForSet, and Media Development Foundation.Reverse osmosis (RO) is a standard method of filtration typically used for the removal of molecules and ions present in a solution.
#WHAT IS THE PURIFY APP? CODE#
The code for extension and API are both open source and at the following repositories: To maximize the model predictions, the extension can collect user feedback and retrain the model on collected entries. To fine-tune the model 15 000 positive and 92 000 negative posts had been collected from fact-checking organizations operating in Georgia, between them: The model itself is open source and is located at To prediction the labels of a post, the application uses a fine-tuned ELECTRA model for the Georgian language. In case if the post is classified as a positive, tag highlighting the corresponding category appears under it. It uses five categories to label the posts:ĭiscrediting, Ideologized Propaganda, False Media, False Supporting, and Government Propaganda. It uses five categories… The extension uses a language model to predict whether or not they post on social media contains Fake News. The extension uses a language model to predict whether or not they post on social media contains Fake News.